Selasa, 28 Oktober 2014
A.
CLAUSE
Clause is structural of
words that have subject and verb.
Kinds of clause:
1.
Main Clause
(Independent clause)
Main clause is
structural of words that have subject and verb which has meaning clearly and
can stand alone.
Example: We learn
English
She has finished her
work
2.
Subordinate
Clause (Dependent clause)
Subordinate clause is
structural of words that have subject and verb which doesn’t has meaning
clearly and can’t stand alone. Thus, subordinate clause must consist of main
clause or independent clause.
Example: I will go if you go
I enjoy my job although I work long hours
Clause divide into 5, there are:
1.
Adverbial Clause
Adverbial clause used
as Adverb
Example: He came
here when the bell rang
Main Clause Subordinate clause
While I was
walking home, I saw an accident
Subordinate clause Main Clause
2.
Comment Clause
It is a small clause
which adds a comment to what is said in the Main Clause or in the rest of the
sentence.
Example: She say
Truth, I believe
Main Clause Subordinate clause
As you know, I never say that you ever look for her house
Subordinate clause Main Clause
3.
Comparative
Clause
There are 2 kinds of
comparative clause:
a.
Clauses
beginning with “As”. These describe as equal comparison.
Example: The Radio set
costs Rp 150.000,-
She is not as kind as her sister
b.
Clauses
beginning with “Than”. These describe as equal comparison.
Examples: The blazer
more expensive than cardigan.
Train traveling more
comfort than bus.
4.
Noun Clause
Noun clause is used as
Noun
Example: He never
thinks whatever will happen of his
act.
I ask her to read more any sources for her duty.
5.
Relative Clause
Example: The girl who
is standing in front of my class is my sister.
The woman who is
wearing summer hat is my aunt.
B.
PHRASE
Phrase is structural of
words that have meaning, but don’t have subject and verb. Phrase also part of a
sentence, because may consist of one or more than one word.
There are kinds of
Phrase:
Based on using phrase
divide into 3, there are:
1.
Noun Phrase
Noun phrase is phrase
that used as Noun
Examples: My new car in front of garage
Tara went to the store
for some books
2.
Adjective Phrase
Adjective phrase is
phrase that used as Adjective.
Examples: The girl with long hair is my aunt
He is very sad when his mother got accident
3.
Adverbial Phrase
Adverbial phrase is
phrase that used as Adverb.
Examples: She played
piano verybeautifully.
She will collect the
report as soon as possible.
Based on introductory word or pivot word phrase
divide into 4, there are:
1.
Prepositional
Phrase
Prepositional phrase is
phrase that consists of preposition, usually used as Noun, Adjective, and
Adverb.
Example: The report
will be sent in a few days
She is angry with me
2.
Participial
Phrase
Participial phrase is
phrase that consists of participle, usually used as Adjective.
Example: Having finished her assignment, he went
home
We heard the children crying
3.
Infinitive
Phrase
Example:
Infinitive phrase as
Noun: To read books means to enlarge
one’s horizon
To learn English,
you should practice everyday
Infinitive phrase as Adjective: He is a good man for
you to know.
The poison was strong enough to have killed ten people
Infinitive phrase as Adverb: He has been warned not to do that again
He read to
enlarge his horizon
4.
Gerund Phrase
Gerund phrase is phrase
that consists of gerund, usually used as Noun only.
Example: Reading books is my friend hobby
Taking
a long walk every day is good exercise
References:
Azar,Betty
Schrampfer. 2003. Fundamentals of English
Grammar, Third Edition. New York:Longman
Mas’ud,
Fuad. 2005. Essentials of English
Grammar: practical guide. Yogyakarta: BPFE-yogyakarta
